Loss of supporting gum tissue and bone around teeth and implants are mainly due to differing types of destructive (pathogenic) bacteria. In certain patients, it is appropriate to treat the bacteria mechanically (scaling and root planing) as well as with antibiotics.

In the past, all antibiotics were taken by mouth and delivered equally from head to toe. It is now possible to treat an infection locally through the use of antibiotics in a gel form. This new form of antibiotic is placed under the gum, around the teeth.